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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2024-363-4-18-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-597</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>К вопросу организации  активного скрининга туберкулеза с учетом ключевых и индивидуальных уязвимостей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the issue of organizing  active tuberculosis screening, taking into account key and individual  vulnerabilities</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобоходжаев</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobokhojaev</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобоходжаев Октам Икрамович – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой фтизиопульмонологии</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bobokhodzhaev Oktam Ikramovich - Doctor of medical sciences, Professor, Head of the Phthisiopulmonology Department</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bobokhojaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саидова</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saidova</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллоев</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulloev</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуломзода</surname><given-names>Б. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulomzoda</surname><given-names>B. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Расулов</surname><given-names>Ё. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rasulov</surname><given-names>Yo. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шукуров</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shukurov</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет им. Абуали ибни Сино»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>EI “Avicenna Tajik State Medical University”</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «Хатлонский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SEI “Khatlon State Medical University”</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Таджикский НИИ профилактической медицины»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI “Tajik Research Institute of Preventive Medicine”</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бобоходжаев О.И., Саидова С.Н., Абдуллоев Н.Н., Гуломзода Б.З., Расулов Ё.Ф., Шукуров С.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бобоходжаев О.И., Саидова С.Н., Абдуллоев Н.Н., Гуломзода Б.З., Расулов Ё.Ф., Шукуров С.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bobokhojaev O.I., Saidova S.N., Abdulloev N.N., Gulomzoda B.Z., Rasulov Y.F., Shukurov S.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/597">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/597</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Обобщить основные группы больных с индивидуальной уязвимостью к туберкулезу (ТБ), а также ключевые группы риска по развитию туберкулеза.</p><p>Материал и методы исследования. В данном исследовании выделены и обобщены группы больных с индивидуальной уязвимостью к туберкулезу, а также ключевые группы риска по развитию туберкулеза. Использованы рекомендации ВОЗ, отчёты мониторинга и оценки туберкулеза, программы, клинические руководства, личные наблюдения.</p><p>Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Обобщены следующие уязвимые к туберкулезу слои населения, а также ключевые группы риска по развитию туберкулеза: ВИЧ-инфицированные, наркозависимые лица, контактные лица, заключенные, трудовые мигранты, больные сахарным диабетом, вирусными гепатитами, психическими заболеваниями, декретированные группы населения. Описаны методы и частота проведения скрининга в каждой из этих групп населения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследования показали, что при обследовании даже с 4-месячным интервалом, у 21% пациентов было выявлено заболевание в умеренно развитой стадии и несколько меньший процент – в поздней стадии.</p><p>По этой причине прицельное проведение скрининга среди представителей ключевых групп высокого риска заболевания туберкулеза и уязвимых лиц позволяет своевременно выявлять случаи латентного и активного туберкулеза среди них и улучшить клинические исходы заболевания среди этих групп населения. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze the main groups of patients with individual vulnerability to tuberculosis (TB), as well as key risk groups for the development of TB.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This study identified and analyzed groups of patients with individual susceptibility to TB and key risk groups for the development of TB. WHO recommendations, TB program monitoring and evaluation reports, clinical guidelines and personal observations were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Research results</title><p>Research results. The study identified the following vulnerable populations and key risk groups for tuberculosis: HIV-infected people, drug addicts, contacts, prisoners, labor migrants, patients with diabetes, viral hepatitis, mental illness, and decreed population groups. The methods and frequency of screening in each of these population groups are described.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The findings showed that even with screening intervals as short as four months, 21% of patients were diagnosed with the disease at a moderately advanced stage, with a slightly lower percentage diagnosed at a late stage. For this reason, targeted screening among representatives of key high-risk groups for TB disease and vulnerable individuals allows for timely detection of cases of latent and active TB among them and improvement of clinical outcomes of the disease among these population groups.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Туберкулез</kwd><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>уязвимые слои населения</kwd><kwd>ключевые группы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>vulnerable population groups</kwd><kwd>key risk groups</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Отчёт ГУ «Республиканский центр по защите населения от туберкулеза». - 2023. – 32 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Otchyot GU «Respublikanskiy tsentr po zashchite naseleniya ot tuberkuleza» [Report of the State Institution ‘Republican Centre for Protection of Population from Tuberculosis’]. 2023. 32 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Руководство по интегрированному ведению случаев туберкулеза [группа авторов]. 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