<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2025-364-1-74-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-629</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Важность амбулаторного скрининга сопутствующих заболеваний у взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The importance of outpatient screening of co-morbidities in adults living with HIV</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сайбурхонов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sayburhonov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сайбурхонов Дильшод Сайгуфронович – директор</p><p>Тел.: +992900001651</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sayburhonov Dilshod Saygufronovich – Director</p><p>Tel.: +992900001651</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sdilshod80@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кадырова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kadirova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рузиев</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruziev</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдухамедов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdukhamedov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самиева</surname><given-names>З. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samieva</surname><given-names>Z. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Центр по профилактике и борьбе с СПИД города Душанбе»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI Center for AIDS Prevention and Control of Dushanbe</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет им. Абуали ибни Сино»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical University</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Таджикский научно-исследовательский институт профилактической медицины</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tajik Research Institute of Prevention Medicine</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский центр по профилактике и борьбе с СПИД</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Center for AIDS Prevention and Control</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сайбурхонов Д.С., Каримов С.С., Кадырова Д.А., Рузиев М.М., Абдухамедов Н.А., Самиева З.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сайбурхонов Д.С., Каримов С.С., Кадырова Д.А., Рузиев М.М., Абдухамедов Н.А., Самиева З.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sayburhonov D.S., Karimov S.S., Kadirova D.A., Ruziev M.M., Abdukhamedov N.A., Samieva Z.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/629">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/629</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Совершенствование амбулаторного скрининга сопутствующих заболеваний у взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ.</p><p>Материал и методы исследования. Используются данные официальной статистики по ВИЧинфекции в Душанбе за 2020-2023 гг. (группа взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ). Определяется охват взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ антиретровирусной терапией, смертность среди пациентов и др. Данные анализируются посредством описательной статистики, а статистически значимые различия между ними (p) уточняются с помощью критерия Хи-квадрат (ꭓ2 ).</p><p>Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Охват взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ антиретровирусной терапией в Душанбе в 2020 г. – 83,1%; 2023 г. – 82,3% (p&gt;0,05); смертность среди пациентов 2,8 (2020) и 1,8 (2023) на 100 взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ (p&lt;0,05); в структуре смертности (кумулятивно) за 2020-2023 гг. (когда причина смерти известна) заболевания, связанные и не связанные (сопутствующие) с ВИЧ – 24,6% и 75,4% соответственно (p=0,005). Структура смертности (сопутствующие заболевания): цирроз печени – 29,8%; сердечно-сосудистые заболевания – 26,9%; туберкулёз – 15,4%; рак разной локализации – 11,5%.&gt; (p&lt;0,05) ; в структуре смертности (кумулятивно) за 2020-2023 гг. (когда причина смерти известна) заболевания, связанные и не связанные (сопутствующие) с ВИЧ – 24,6% и 75,4% соответственно (p=0,005). Структура смертности (сопутствующие заболевания): цирроз печени – 29,8%; сердечно-сосудистые заболевания – 26,9%; туберкулёз – 15,4%; рак разной локализации – 11,5%.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: 1) Антиретровирусная терапия способствует уменьшению смертности среди взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ от заболеваний, связанных с ВИЧ; 2) для устранения имеющейся стагнации в охвате взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ на антиретровирусной терапии важно продолжать интеграцию ВИЧ услуг в первичную медико-санитарную помощь, где пациентам удобнее получать лечение; 3) в структуре смертности среди взрослых людей, живущих с ВИЧ основное место занимают сопутствующие заболевания, поэтому важно совершенствовать амбулаторный скрининг для их раннего выявления и лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To enhance outpatient screening methods for detecting comorbid conditions in adults living with HIV (ALHIV).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study analyzed official HIV statistics from Dushanbe for the period 2020– 2023, focusing on the adult population living with HIV. Key indicators assessed included the coverage of antiretroviral therapy (ART), patient mortality rates, and associated factors. Data were examined using descriptive statistical methods, and statistical significance of observed differences was determined by the chi-squared test (χ²).</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. ART coverage among ALHIV in Dushanbe was 83.1% in 2020 and 82.3% in 2023 (p&gt;0.05), indicating stagnation over the period analyzed. However, mortality rates significantly decreased from 2.8 per 100 ALHIV in 2020 to 1.8 per 100 ALHIV in 2023 (p&lt;0.05). Analysis of cumulative mortality data (2020–2023), with known causes of death, revealed that comorbid (non-HIV related) diseases represented 75.4% of deaths, significantly surpassing HIV-related causes (24.6%; p=0.005). Among comorbidities causing death, liver cirrhosis was most common (29.8%), followed by cardiovascular diseases (26.9%), tuberculosis (15.4%), and various malignancies (11.5%).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. 1) Antiretroviral therapy significantly reduces mortality from HIV-related conditions among ALHIV. 2) To address stagnation in ART coverage, continued integration of HIV care within primary health care systems is essential, improving accessibility and adherence to treatment. 3) The predominance of comorbid diseases as causes of death underscores the necessity for optimized outpatient screening protocols for early identification and management of these conditions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>взрослые люди</kwd><kwd>живущие с ВИЧ</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>структура смертности</kwd><kwd>амбулаторный скрининг сопутствующих заболеваний</kwd><kwd>интеграция ВИЧ услуг в первичную медико-санитарную помощь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adults living with HIV</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral therapy</kwd><kwd>mortality patterns</kwd><kwd>outpatient screening</kwd><kwd>comorbid conditions</kwd><kwd>integration of HIV services</kwd><kwd>primary health care</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гржибовский А.М. Поперечные (одномоментные) исследования в здравоохранении / А.М. Гржибовский, С.В. Иванов // Наука и Здравоохранение. – 2015. – №2. – С. 5-18.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grzhibovskiy A.M. Poperechnye (odnomomentnye) issledovaniya v zdravookhranenii [Cross-sectional studies in healthcare]. Nauka i Zdravookhranenie – Science and Healthcare, 2015, No. 2, pp. 5-18.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Драпкина О.М. Стратегии профилактики заболеваний: роль врача общей практики и первичного звена здравоохранения / О.М. Драпкина, Г.Я. Масленникова, Р.Н. Шепель // Профилактическая медицина. – 2021. – №24 (8). – С. 7–14. https://doi.org/10.17116/profmed2021240817</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drapkina O.M. Strategii profilaktiki zabolevaniy: rol vracha obshchey praktiki i pervichnogo zvena zdravookhraneniya [Disease prevention strategies: the role of the general practitioner and primary health care providers]. Profilakticheskaya meditsina – Prophylactic medicine, 2021, No. 24 (8), pp. 7–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мельников В.Л. Причины летальных исходов у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов в Пензенской области / В.Л. Мельников, Д.Ю. Курмаева, М.В. Никольская, С.Б. Рыбалкин, Ю.А. Никулина // Известия высших учебных заведений. Поволжский регион. Медицинские науки. Гигиена и организация здравоохранения – 2018. – №4 (48). – С. 150–159.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melnikov V.L. Prichiny letalnykh iskhodov u VICH-infitsirovannykh patsientov v Penzenskoy oblasti [Causes of fatal outcomes in HIV-infected patients in Penza Oblast]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Meditsinskie nauki. Gigiena i organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya – University proceedings. Volga region. Medical sciences. Hygiene and healthcare organization, 2018, No. 4 (48), pp. 150–159.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сайбурхонов Д.С. Эффективность модели децентрализации медицинской помощи людям, жи вущим с ВИЧ, с интеграцией ВИЧ услуг в ПМСП Душанбе / Д.С. Сайбурхонов, С.С. Каримов, Д.А. Кадырова, М.М. Рузиев, Н.А. Абдухамедов, В.Х. Дусанова // Вестник Авиценны. – 2024. №26 (1). – С. 18-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sayburkhonov D.S. Effektivnost modeli detsentralizatsii meditsinskoy pomoshchi lyudyam, zhivushchim s VICH, s integratsiey VICH uslug v PMSP Dushanbe [Effectiveness of the model of decentralization of medical care for people living with HIV with integration of HIV services in Dushanbe PHC]. Vestnik Avitsenny – Avicenna Bulletin, 2024, No. 26 (1), pp. 18-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов А.Н., Грановская-Цветкова А.М., Цаленчук Я.П. Амбулаторная диагностика важнейших внутренних заболеваний / А.Н. Смирнов, А.М. Грановская-Цветкова, Я.П. Цаленчук // Л.: Медицина. – 1988. – 320 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smirnov A.N., Granovskaya-Tsvetkova A.M., Tsalenchuk Ya.P. Ambulatornaya diagnostika vazhneyshikh vnutrennikh zabolevaniy [Outpatient diagnosis of major internal diseases]. Leningrad, Meditsina Publ., 1988. 320 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Флетчер Р., Флетчер С., Вагнер Э. Клиническая эпидемиология. Основы доказательной медицины / Р. Флетчер, С. Флетчер, Э. Вагнер // М, РФ: Медиа Сфера. – 2004. – 347 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fletcher R., Fletcher S., Vagner E. Klinicheskaya epidemiologiya. Osnovy dokazatelnoy meditsiny [Clinical epidemiology. Fundamentals of evidence-based medicine]. Moscow, Media Sfera Publ., 2004. 347 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bares S., Swindells S. Latent tuberculosis and HIV infection. Current Infectious Disease Reports, 2020, No. 22 (7).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bares S., Swindells S. Latent tuberculosis and HIV infection. Current Infectious Disease Reports, 2020, No. 22 (7).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deeks S.G., Lewin S.R., Havlir D.V. The end of AIDS: HIV Infection as a Chronic Disease. The Lancet, 2013, No. 382, pp. 1525-1533.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deeks S.G., Lewin S.R., Havlir D.V. The end of AIDS: HIV Infection as a Chronic Disease. The Lancet, 2013, No. 382, pp. 1525-1533.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Erlandson K.M., Karris M.Y. HIV and Aging: Reconsidering the Approach to Management of Co-Morbidities. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 2019, No. 33 (3), pp. 769–786.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Erlandson K.M., Karris M.Y. HIV and Aging: Reconsidering the Approach to Management of Co-Morbidities. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 2019, No. 33 (3), pp. 769–786.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paisible A.L., Chang C.C., So-Armah K.A. HIV infection, cardiovascular disease risk factor profile, and risk for acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2015, No. 68 (2), pp. 209–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paisible A.L., Chang C.C., So-Armah K.A. HIV infection, cardiovascular disease risk factor profile, and risk for acute myocardial infarction. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 2015, No. 68 (2), pp. 209–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patela P., Roseb C.E., Collinsc P.Y., Nuche-Begenguerd B. Noncommunicable diseases among HIV-infected persons in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS, 2018, No. 32 (1), pp. 5–20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patela P., Roseb C.E., Collinsc P.Y., Nuche-Begenguerd B. Noncommunicable diseases among HIV-infected persons in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AIDS, 2018, No. 32 (1), pp. 5–20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Reiss P. HIV, co-morbidity and ageing. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2012, No. 15 (4), pp. 18073.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Reiss P. HIV, co-morbidity and ageing. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2012, No. 15 (4), pp. 18073.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rohwer A., Uwimana N.J., Toews I. Effects of integrated models of care for diabetes and hypertension in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Medical Journal, 2021, No. 11, pp. e043705.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rohwer A., Uwimana N.J., Toews I. Effects of integrated models of care for diabetes and hypertension in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Medical Journal, 2021, No. 11, pp. e043705.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shmagel K., Saidakova E., Shmagel N. Systemic inflammation and liver damage in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection. HIV Medicine, 2016, No. 17 (8), pp. 581-589.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shmagel K., Saidakova E., Shmagel N. Systemic inflammation and liver damage in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection. HIV Medicine, 2016, No. 17 (8), pp. 581-589.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith C.J., Ryom L., Weber R. Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from 1999 to 2011 (D:A:D): a multicohort collaboration. Lancet, 2014, No. 384 (9939), pp. 241–248.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith C.J., Ryom L., Weber R. Trends in underlying causes of death in people with HIV from 1999 to 2011 (D:A:D): a multicohort collaboration. Lancet, 2014, No. 384 (9939), pp. 241–248.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stelzle D., Tanaka L.F., Lee K.K. Estimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV. Lancet Global Health, 2021, No. 9 (2), pp. e161-e169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stelzle D., Tanaka L.F., Lee K.K. Estimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV. Lancet Global Health, 2021, No. 9 (2), pp. e161-e169.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
