thealthЗдравоохранение ТаджикистанаHealth care of Tajikistan0514-2415Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»10.52888/0514-2515-2025-366-3-112-120thealth-681Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEW ARTICLESЭндотелиальная дисфункция и рак желудка: от знаний к действиюEndothelial dysfunction and stomach cancer: from knowledge to actionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3312-323XОлжаевС. Т.OlzhaevS. T.

Олжаев Саяхат Таурбекович - кандидат медицинских наук, ассоциированный профессор, доцент кафедры онкологии с курсом радиологии

г. Алматы 

Olzhayev Sayakhat Taurbekovich – candidate of medical sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the department of oncology with a course in radiology

Almaty

solzhayev@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4460-9136ТитовК. С.TitovK. S.

Титов Константин Сергеевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник, Московский многопрофильный научно-клинический центр им. С.П. Боткина, профессор кафедры онкологии и рентгенорадиологии им. В.П. Харченко Медицинского института

г. Москва 

Titov Konstantin Sergeevich – doctor of medical sciences, professor, leading researcher, Moscow multidisciplinary scientific and clinical center named after S.P. Botkin, professor of the department of oncology and roentgenology named after V.P. Kharchenko, Medical institute

Moscow

ks-titov@mail.ruХусейнзодаЗ. Х.HuseinzodaZ. Kh.

Хусейнзода Зафар Хабибулло - доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор Республиканского онкологического научного центра, проректор по лечебной работе и последипломному образованию

г. Душанбе 

Huseinzoda Zafar Habibullo – doctor of medical sciences, professor, director of the Republican oncology research center, vice-rector for medical work and postgraduate education

Dushanbe

saraton59a@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0756-0273АджибаевБ. Ж.AdzhibayevB. Zh.

Аджибаев Бауржан Жоркаевич – кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры внутренних болезней 

г. Алматы 

Adjibayev Baurzhan Zhorkaevich - candidate of medical sciences, assistant professor of the department of internal medicine

Almaty 

87011495856@mail.ruКГП на ПХВ «Алматинская региональная многопрофильная клиника»КазахстанAlmaty regional multidisciplinary clinicKazakhstanФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы» Министерства науки и высшего образованияРоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice LumumbaRussian FederationАО «Таджикский государственный университет имени Абуали ибн Сино»ТаджикистанSEI Avicenna Tajik State UniversityTajikistan20251410202503112124Copyright © Олжаев С.Т., Титов К.С., Хусейнзода З.Х., Аджибаев Б.Ж., 20252025Олжаев С.Т., Титов К.С., Хусейнзода З.Х., Аджибаев Б.Ж.Olzhaev S.T., Titov K.S., Huseinzoda Z.K., Adzhibayev B.Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/681

Рак желудка (РЖ) остаётся одним из наиболее распространённых в мире злокачественных новообразований с высокой летальностью. Среди множества патофизиологических механизмов в последнее время особое внимание уделяется эндотелиальной дисфункции (ЭД), как ключевому фактору прогрессирования опухоли, ангиогенеза и послеоперационных осложнений. Настоящий обзор обобщает современные знания о роли ЭД в генезе РЖ, включая её влияние на микросреду опухоли, воспалительные процессы, метаболическое перепрограммирование и устойчивость к терапии. Особое внимание уделяется таким молекулярным маркерам ЭД, как оксид азота (NO), фактор фон Виллебранда (vWF) и циркулирующие эндотелиальные клетки (ЦЭК), а также обобщена их прогностическая и диагностическая значимости. Рассматривается влияние оперативного вмешательства и химиотерапии на целостность эндотелия. Помимо этого, обсуждается взаимосвязь инфекции Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), хронического воспаления и ЭД. Мы полагаем, что терапевтическое воздействие на ЭД может стать перспективным направлением в улучшении исходов лечения пациентов с РЖ.

Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Among the many pathophysiological mechanisms involved, endothelial dysfunction (ED) has recently been identified as a key factor in tumour progression, angiogenesis, and postoperative complications. This review summarises the current knowledge regarding the role of ED in the pathogenesis of GC, including its impact on the tumour microenvironment, inflammatory processes, metabolic reprogramming and resistance to therapy. Particular attention is paid to molecular markers of ED, such as nitric oxide (NO), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and circulating endothelial cells (CECs), and their prognostic and diagnostic significance. The impact of surgical intervention and chemotherapy on endothelial integrity is also considered. Additionally, the interrelationship between Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic inflammation, and ED is explored. We believe that targeting ED therapeutically may represent a promising approach to improving outcomes in patients with GC.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.