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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2025-367-4-35-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-690</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние трудовой миграции на динамику ВИЧ-инфекции и клинические исходы у людей, живущих с ВИЧ, в согдийской области Таджикистана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of labor migration on HIV trends and clinical outcomes among people living with HIV in Sughd region of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8002-8531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбонов</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Qurbonov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курбонов Эмомали Абдувалиевич - заведующий эпидемиологического отдела. Соискатель кафедры эпидемиологии, гигиены и охраны окружающей среды с курсом микробиологии и вирусологии</p><p>Худжанд; Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Qurbonov Emomali Abduvalievich – Head of the Epidemiology Department. Candidate at the Department of Epidemiology, Hygiene and Environmental Protection with a course in Microbiology and Virology</p><p>Khujand; Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emomali-kurbonov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5481-0976</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирзоев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirzoev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирзоев Азамджон Сафолович - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедры эпидемиологии, гигиены и охраны окружающей среды с курсом микробиологии и вирусологии</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mirzoev Azamdjon Safolovich – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology, Hygiene and Environmental Protection with a course in Microbiology and Virology</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">azamdjon@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Согдийский областной центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИДом; ГОУ «Институт последипломного образования в сфере здравоохранения Республики Таджикистан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sughd Regional Center for AIDS Prevention and Control;&#13;
SI Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «Институт последипломного образования в сфере здравоохранения Республики Таджикистан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курбонов Э.А., Мирзоев А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курбонов Э.А., Мирзоев А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Qurbonov E.A., Mirzoev A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/690">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/690</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценка влияния трудовой миграции на динамику выявления ВИЧ-инфекции и клинические исходы у людей, живущих с ВИЧ, в Согдийской области Таджикистана за период 2013–2022 годов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: проведено ретроспективное когортное исследование среди ВИЧ-инфицированных старше 18 лет, впервые зарегистрированных с 2013 по 2022 год в СПИД-центрах Согдийской области и получавших антиретровирусную терапию (АРТ) ≥6 месяцев (n = 1871). Мигрантами считались граждане Таджикистана, проживавшие за пределами страны более 3 месяцев с целью работы; не мигрантами — лица, не выезжавшие за границу для трудовой деятельности. Данные собирались из национальной электронной системы слежения, эпидемиологических и амбулаторных карт. Статистический анализ выполнялся в RStudio с использованием описательной статистики, χ² теста и модели Пуассона для выявления независимых предикторов смертности (IRR, 95% ДИ). Статистическая значимость — p&lt;0,05.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: из 1871 участника 38% имели миграционный опыт. Среди мигрантов преобладали мужчины (76%), смертность была выше также у мужчин (12% vs 6,8%, p&lt;0,001). Основной путь передачи — гетеросексуальный (89%). Большинство получали стандартную схему АРТ TDF/3TC/DTG (94%). Доля мигрантов среди новых случаев ВИЧ колебалась от 27% до 43% за 2013–2022 годы. В многофакторной модели Пуассона независимыми предикторами повышенной смертности оказались социальный статус (неработающие: IRR = 2.60; работающие: IRR = 3.37) и проживание в сельской местности (IRR = 1.18), тогда как уровень вирусной нагрузки &gt;1000 копий/мл не был значимым (IRR = 0.98).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: трудовые мигранты являются уязвимой группой с более высокой смертностью и неблагоприятными клиническими исходами. Полученные данные подчеркивают необходимость целевых программ раннего выявления, обеспечения преемственности лечения и усиления доступа к АРТ в сельских районах для повышения эффективности терапии среди мигрантов. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the impact of labor migration on HIV case detection and clinical outcomes among people living with HIV in the Sughd region of Tajikistan during 2013–2022.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: a retrospective cohort study was conducted among adults aged 18 years and older with HIV, who were newly registered between 2013 and 2022 at AIDS centers in the Sughd region, and received antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 6 months (n = 1871). For the purposes of this study, migrants were defined as citizens of Tajikistan who resided outside the country for more than 3 months for work purposes, while non-migrants were defined as individuals who had not traveled abroad for employment. Data were collected from the national electronic surveillance system, and epidemiological and outpatient records. Statistical analyses were performed in RStudio using descriptive statistics, the χ² test, and Poisson regression models to identify independent predictors of mortality (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 95% confidence interval [CI]). Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: of 1871 participants, 38% had a history of labor migration. Men predominated among migrants (76%), and mortality was also higher among men (12% vs. 6.8%, p &lt; 0.001). The main route of transmission was a sexual contact (89%). Most patients received the standard ART regimen TDF/3TC/DTG (94%). The proportion of migrants among newly diagnosed HIV cases ranged from 27% to 43% between 2013 and 2022. In a multivariable Poisson model, independent predictors of higher mortality were employment status (unemployed: IRR = 2.60; employed: IRR = 3.37) and rural residence (IRR = 1.18), whereas viral load &gt;1000 copies/mL was not significant (IRR = 0.98).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: labor migrants represent a vulnerable group with higher mortality and unfavorable clinical outcomes. These findings highlight the need for targeted programs for early diagnosis, continuity of treatment, and improved access to ART in rural areas to enhance treatment effectiveness among migrants. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВИЧ-инфекция</kwd><kwd>миграция</kwd><kwd>антиретровирусная терапия</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>вирусная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>Таджикистан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIV infection</kwd><kwd>migration</kwd><kwd>antiretroviral therapy</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>viral load</kwd><kwd>Tajikistan</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Interactive World Migration Report 2022. GrandSaconnex Switzerland. 2022. 574 p. Доступно: https://worldmigrationreport.iom.int/wmr-2022-interactive/ [Accessed April 8, 2024]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Interactive World Migration Report 2022. 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