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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2025-367-4-112-118</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-697</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Рентгенологическая оценка состояния полости носа и носоглотки у детей с врождёнными расщелинами верхней губы и нёба</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Radiological assessment of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in children with congenital cleft lip and palate</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7582-4960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саидова</surname><given-names>Ф. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saidova</surname><given-names>F. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саидова Фарахноз Фуркатуллоевна – аспирант кафедры оториноларингологии</p><p>г. Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saidova Farahnoz Furqatulloevna - Postgraduate of department of Otorhinolarygology</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">farahnozsaidova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9244-0203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давронзода</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davronzoda</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давронзода Манучехр Давроншо – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий кафедрой оториноларингологии</p><p>г. Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Davronzoda Manuchehr Davronsho – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Department of Otorhinolaryngology </p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shoevmd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2048-5597</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махмудназаров</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhmudnazarov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Махмудназаров Махмадамин Имомович - к.м.н., доцент кафедры оториноларингологии </p><p>г. Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Makhmudnazarov Makhmadamin Imomovich - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mahmadamin@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0566-5072</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амирхонов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirkhonov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Амирхонов Акмал Соибкуронович – врач-рентгенолог</p><p>г. Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Amirkhonov Akmal Soibquronovich – doctor-radiologist</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">radiolog_pm@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра оториноларингологии имени Ю.Б. Исхаки, ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет&#13;
имени Абуали ибни Сино»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Otorhinolaryngology named after Y.B. Iskhaki, SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical University</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Саидова Ф.Ф., Давронзода М.Д., Махмудназаров М.И., Амирхонов А.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Саидова Ф.Ф., Давронзода М.Д., Махмудназаров М.И., Амирхонов А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Saidova F.F., Davronzoda M.D., Makhmudnazarov M.I., Amirkhonov A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/697">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/697</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: оценка анатомических особенностей полости носа и носоглотки у детей с врождёнными расщелинами с помощью рентгенографии и компьютерной томографии. Материал и методы: обследованы 60 детей в возрасте от 3 до 14 лет с врождённой расщелиной верхней губы и нёба. Пациенты были разделены на две группы: дети с полной формой расщелины и дети с неполной формой.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы: клинический, параклинический (рентген околоносовых пазух, КТ- носа и носоглотки), статистический.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Анализ рентгенографических и томографических данных показал выраженные анатомические изменения у детей с полной формой расщелины: уменьшение объёма носовой полости, сужение носовых ходов, деформация хоан, утолщение слизистой оболочки. В группе неполной формы расщелины изменения были менее выражены, хотя наблюдались локальные деформации и частичная гипертрофия аденоидов. Частота воспалительных процессов, включающих риносинусит, аденоидит и отиты, была значительно выше у детей с полной формой расщелины по сравнению с неполной. Данный показатель составил 65% против 40%, что указывает на прямую зависимость частоты воспалительных изменений от выраженности анатомических дефектов. Результаты подтверждают, что анатомические изменения полости носа и носоглотки у детей с врождёнными расщелинами являются фактором риска развития хронических воспалительных процессов.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: на основании результатов разработаны практические рекомендации: ЛОР-обследование с рентгенографией и КТ при необходимости, ранняя диагностика и лечение воспалительных процессов, профилактика осложнений среднего уха, подготовка к хирургической коррекции с обязательной санацией ЛОР-органов, использование рентгенографии и КТ в динамике для прогнозирования осложнений и корректировки наблюдения. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the anatomical features of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in children with congenital clefts using radiography and computed tomography.</p></sec><sec><title> Material and methods</title><p> Material and methods: sixty children aged 3 to 14 years with congenital cleft lip and palate were examined. The patients were divided into two groups: children with a complete cleft and children with an incomplete cleft. Methods included clinical, imaging evaluation (plain radiography of the paranasal sinuses, CT of the nose and nasopharynx), and statistical analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: analysis of radiographic and tomographic data revealed pronounced anatomical changes in children with a complete cleft: reduced nasal cavity volume, narrowing of the nasal passages, choanal deformity, and mucosal thickening. In the group with an incomplete cleft, the changes were less pronounced, although local deformities and partial adenoid hypertrophy were observed. The frequency of inflammatory processes, including rhinosinusitis, adenoiditis, and otitis, was significantly higher in children with a complete cleft compared to those with an incomplete cleft. This indicator was 65% versus 40%, indicating a direct relationship between the severity of anatomical defects and the frequency of inflammatory changes. The results confirm that anatomical alterations in the nasal cavity and nasopharynx in children with congenital clefts are a risk factor for chronic inflammatory processes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: based on the findings, the following practical recommendations were developed: ENT examination with radiography and CT when necessary; early diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory processes; prevention of middle ear complications; preoperative preparation with mandatory management of ENT infectious foci; and the use of radiography and CT in dynamics to predict complications and adjust follow-up. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>расщелина верхней губы</kwd><kwd>нёба</kwd><kwd>носоглотка</kwd><kwd>рентгенодиагностика</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cleft lip</kwd><kwd>cleft palate</kwd><kwd>nasopharynx</kwd><kwd>radiological diagnostics</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Агранович В.И. 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