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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2025-367-4-144-152</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-701</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-эпидемиологические аспекты рака органов полости рта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and epidemiological aspects of oral cancer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3910-4563</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Расулов</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rasulov</surname><given-names>S. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Расулов Самеъ Рахмонбердиевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой онкологии</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rasulov Same Rakhmonberdievich, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Oncology</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">same_rasulov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3189-2497</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баротов</surname><given-names>З. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barotov</surname><given-names>Z. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баротов Заробуддин Зайниддинович – кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Barotov Zarobuddin Zainiddinovich – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barotov66@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «Институт последипломного образования в сфере здравоохранения Республики Таджикистан»; ГУ «Республиканский онкологический научный центр» МЗ и СЗН РТ</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SEI Institute of Postgraduate Education in the field of healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan;  SU Republican Oncological Research Center under the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Tajikistan</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>152</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Расулов С.Р., Баротов З.З., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Расулов С.Р., Баротов З.З.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rasulov S.R., Barotov Z.Z.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/701">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/701</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты анализа данных современной литературы о клинике, эпидемиологии и этиопатогенетических факторов риска возникновения злокачественных опухолей органов полости рта. Выявлены тенденции роста заболеваемости и смертности от рака органов полости рта в большинстве стран мира. Несмотря на визуальную доступность области поражения, большинство авторов отмечают высокую частоту позднего выявления рака органов полости рта. Установлено, что наиболее значимыми этиологическими факторами риска развития рака этой локализации являются курение, употребление алкоголя, жевание различных смесей, хронические язвы и инфекции полости рта, а также хроническая травматизация слизистой оболочки. Среди других факторов важную роль играют культурные и этнические привычки населения, такие как употребление горячих напитков и использование некурительного табака (насвай). </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of an analysis of recent literature on the clinical features, epidemiology, and etiologic/pathogenetic risk factors for malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity are presented. Trends toward increasing incidence and mortality from oral cancer in most countries worldwide have been identified. Despite the oral cavity being readily accessible to visual examination, most authors report a high frequency of late-stage diagnosis/advanced disease at presentation. The most significant etiological risk factors for oral cancer include smoking, alcohol consumption, chewing various mixtures, chronic ulcers and infections of the oral cavity, and chronic mechanical trauma/irritation of the oral mucosa. Other important factors include cultural and ethnic habits, such as consumption of very hot beverages and the use of smokeless tobacco (nasvai). </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак органов полости рта</kwd><kwd>клиника</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>этиология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oral cancer</kwd><kwd>clinical</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>etiology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чистенко Г.Н., Терехова Т.Н., Иконникова А.В., Джураева Ш.Ф., Колчанов В.М. Структура и ранние клинические особенности злокачественных новообразований полости рта. Современная стоматология. 2020;(1):38-42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chistenko G.N., Terekhova T.N., Ikonnikova A.V., Dzhuraeva Sh.F., Kolchanov V.M. Structure and early clinical features of malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity. 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