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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2026-368-1-93-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-717</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клинико-демографические особенности, терапевтическая тактика и исходы у кардиологических пациентов в зависимости от функции почек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and demographic characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and outcomes in cardiology patients by renal function</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3956-1913</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рашидов</surname><given-names>И. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rashidov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рашидов Исмоил Махмадалиевич – кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделения нефрологии и гемодиализа ГУ НМЦ РТ «Шифобахш»; соискатель степени доктора медицинских наук ГУ «Таджикский научно-исследовательский институт профилактической медицины»</p><p>Душанбе</p><p>тел: +992903508008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ismoil Makhmadalievich Rashidov – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Nephrology and Hemodialysis, State Institution National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan “Shifobakhsh”; Doctoral Candidate in Medical Sciences, State Institution “Tajik Scientific Research Institute of Preventive Medicine”</p><p>Dushanbe</p><p>tel: +992903508008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nefrontj@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6058-0977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шукурова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shukurova</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шукурова Сурайё Максудовна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор член-корр. НАНТ, заведующая кафедрой терапии и кардио-ревматологии ГОУ «Институт последипломного образования в сфере здравоохранения Республики Таджикистон»</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Suraiyo Maksudovna Shukurova – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan (NAST), Head of the Department of Therapy and Cardio-Rheumatology, State Educational Institution “Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan”</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s_shukurova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Таджикский научно-исследовательский институт профилактической медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI Tajik Scientific Research Institute of Preventive Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «Институт последипломного образования в сфере здравоохранения Республики Таджикистан»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SEI Institute of Postgraduate Education in Healthcare of the Republic of Tajikistan</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рашидов И.М., Шукурова С.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рашидов И.М., Шукурова С.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rashidov I.M., Shukurova S.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/717">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/717</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: провести сравнительный анализ клинико‑демографических, терапевтических и прогностических аспектов у госпитализированных кардиологических пациентов в зависимости от наличия хронической болезни почек (ХБП).</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: в исследование включены 780 кардиологических пациентов, разделённых на группы с (n=207) и без ХБП (n=573). Проведён ретроспективный анализ историй болезни для оценки демографических, клинических, терапевтических и лабораторных параметров, а также исходов госпитализации. Статистический анализ выполнен с использованием t‑критерия Стьюдента, U‑критерия Манна‑Уитни и критерия χ² в программе IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 (p&lt;0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: пациенты с ХБП были старше (71,1±10,9 лет против 61,8±15,1 лет; p&lt;0,001) и имели достоверно более высокую частоту хронической сердечной недостаточности (ХСН) (77,3% против 23,9%), сахарного диабета (СД) (51,7% против 27,4%) и фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) (44,0% против 24,4%; p&lt;0,001). Декомпенсация ХСН была ведущей причиной их госпитализации (58,5% против 24,1%; p&lt;0,001). В стационаре пациенты с ХБП реже получали ингибиторы ангиотензин‑превращающего фермента (иАПФ)/блокаторы рецепторов ангиотензина II (БРА) (42,5% против 88,8%; p&lt;0,001), но чаще — диуретики, антикоагулянты, антагонисты минералокортикоидных рецепторов (АМКР), ингибиторы рецепторов ангиотензина‑неприлизина (АРНИ) и ингибиторы натрий‑глюкозного котранспортёра 2 типа (иСГЛТ2) (p&lt;0,01). ХБП ассоциировалась с более длительной госпитализацией (12,5±5,8 дней против 8,2±4,1 дней; p&lt;0,001), повышенной летальностью (8,7% против 3,8%; p=0,008) и частотой перевода в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) (21,7% против 13,6%; p=0,006).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: ХБП определяет особый клинический фенотип кардиологических пациентов с худшими исходами. Ключевой проблемой является «нефрофобия», проявляющаяся в неоправданно редком назначении базовой ренопротективной терапии (иАПФ/БРА) в стационаре, что требует изменения подходов к ведению данной категории больных.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of clinical, demographic, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects in hospitalized cardiology patients depending on the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD).</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: The study included 780 cardiology patients divided into groups with CKD (n = 207) and without CKD (n = 573). A retrospective analysis of medical records was performed to assess demographic, clinical, therapeutic, and laboratory parameters, as well as hospitalization outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the χ² test in IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0, with p &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Patients with CKD were older (71.1 ± 10.9 vs 61.8 ± 15.1 years; p &lt; 0.001) and had a significantly higher prevalence of chronic heart failure (CHF) (77.3% vs 23.9%), diabetes mellitus (DM) (51.7% vs 27.4%), and atrial fibrillation</p></sec><sec><title>(AF) (44</title><p>(AF) (44.0% vs 24.4%; p &lt; 0.001). Decompensated CHF was the leading cause of hospitalization in these patients (58.5% vs 24.1%; p &lt; 0.001). During hospitalization, patients with CKD were less likely to receive angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (42.5% vs 88.8%; p &lt; 0.001), but were more likely to receive diuretics, anticoagulants, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (p &lt; 0.01). CKD was associated with longer hospitalization (12.5 ± 5.8 vs 8.2 ± 4.1 days; p &lt; 0.001), higher mortality (8.7% vs 3.8%; p = 0.008), and a higher rate of transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) (21.7% vs 13.6%; p = 0.006).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: CKD defines a distinct clinical phenotype of cardiology patients with poorer outcomes. A key issue is “nephrophobia,” manifested in the unjustifiably infrequent use of basic renoprotective therapy (ACEIs/ARBs) during hospitalization, which necessitates changes in the management approaches for this patient category.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек (ХБП)</kwd><kwd>кардиоренальный континуум</kwd><kwd>хроническая сердечная недостаточность (ХСН)</kwd><kwd>терапевтическая тактика</kwd><kwd>исход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd><kwd>cardiorenal continuum</kwd><kwd>chronic heart failure</kwd><kwd>therapeutic strategy</kwd><kwd>outcome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">House A.A., Wanner C., Sarnak M.J., Piña I.L., McIntyre C.W., Komenda P. et al. 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