<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2026-368-1-161-173</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-724</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности диагностики и хирургического лечения стеноза и спондилолистеза поясничного отдела позвоночника у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of diagnosis and surgical treatment of stenosis and spondylolsithesis of the lumbar spine in elderly and senile patients</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2653-080X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салимзода</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salimzoda</surname><given-names>A. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салимзода Абубакр Хамро – соискатель кафедры нейрохирургии и сочетанной травмы ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет имени Абуали ибни Сино»; заместитель директора Государственного учреждения Национального медицинского центра Республики Таджикистан “Шифобахш”</p><p>Душанбе</p><p>тел.: +992929366640</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Salimzoda Abubakr Hamro – applicant for the Department of Neurosurgery and Concomitant Trauma, State Educational Institution “Abuali Ibni Sino Tajik State Medical University”; Deputy Director of the State Institution of the National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan “Shifobakhsh”</p><p>Dushanbe</p><p>tel.: +992929366640</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asalimzoda7@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-1459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахмонзода</surname><given-names>Х. Дж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmonzoda</surname><given-names>Kh. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахмонзода Хуршед Джамшед – доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры нейрохирургии и сочетанной травмы ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет имени Абуали ибни Сино»; директор Государственного учреждения Национального медицинского центра Республики Таджикистан “Шифобахш”</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rakhmonzoda Khurshed Jamshed – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Neurosurgery and Combined Trauma of the SEI Avicena Tajik State Medical University, Department of neurosurgeon and combined trauma; Director of the State Institution of the National Medical Center of the Republic of Tajikistan “Shifobakhsh”</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rahmonov.khurshed0808@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-0809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коситов</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kositov</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коситов Диловар Даврожонович – доктор PhD, врач нейрохирург отделение нейрохирургии</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kositov Dilovar Davronjonovich – PhD, neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kositov.dilovar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0432-6676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафаров</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safarov</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сафаров Баходур Сайдахтамович – врач нейрохирург отделение нейрохирургии</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Safarov Bakhodur Saidakhtamovich – neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosurgery</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">safarovbahodur11041987@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный учреждения Национальный медицинский центр Республики Таджикистан «Шифобахш»; &#13;
Кафедра нейрохирургии и сочетанной травмы, ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет им. Абуали ибни Сино»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI National medical center of the Republic of Tajikistan “Shifobakhsh”; Department of neurosurgery and combined trauma, SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical University</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный учреждения Национальный медицинский центр Республики Таджикистан «Шифобахш»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI National medical center of the Republic of Tajikistan “Shifobakhsh”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>173</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Салимзода А.Х., Рахмонзода Х.Д., Коситов Д.Д., Сафаров Б.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Салимзода А.Х., Рахмонзода Х.Д., Коситов Д.Д., Сафаров Б.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Salimzoda A.H., Rakhmonzoda K.J., Kositov D.D., Safarov B.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/724">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/724</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная работа представляет собой аналитический обзор отечественных и зарубежных публикаций, посвящённых вопросам диагностики и хирургического лечения стеноза поясничного отдела позвоночника у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста. Несмотря на значительное количество исследований, посвящённых патогенетическим механизмам и клинической картине поясничного стеноза и спондилолистеза в гериатрической популяции, вопросы ранней диагностики и оптимального выбора хирургической тактики у данной категории пациентов остаются недостаточно освещёнными. В последние годы, благодаря внедрению современных методов визуализации, включая ультразвуковое исследование, компьютерную и магнитно-резонансную томографию, достигнут существенный прогресс в понимании клинических особенностей и течения стеноза поясничного отдела позвоночника у пациентов пожилого и старческого возраста. Сложность проблемы обусловлена вариабельностью клинического течения и многообразием факторов, приводящих к развитию данной патологии. В этой связи формирование системного подхода к диагностике и хирургическому лечению позволяет обоснованно выбирать метод оперативного вмешательства с учётом этиологии заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents an analytical review of domestic and international publications on the diagnosis and surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis in elderly and senile patients. Despite a significant number of scientific publications that have studied the pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical presentation of lumbar stenosis in the geriatric population, issues of early diagnosis and optimal surgical approach in this patient category have been addressed insufficiently. In recent years, the adoption of diagnostic modalities such as ultrasonography, CT, and MRI has enabled significant progress in understanding the clinical features and course of lumbar spinal stenosis in elderly and senile patients. The complexity lies in the diverse clinical course and the multifactorial etiology leading to this pathology. Therefore, the development of a systematic approach to both diagnosis and surgical treatment is essential for the appropriate selection of a surgical method based on the underlying etiology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стеноз поясничного отдела позвоночника</kwd><kwd>антеспондилолистез</kwd><kwd>старческий возраст</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lumbar spinal stenosis</kwd><kwd>spondylolisthesis</kwd><kwd>old age</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аганесов А.Г., Месхи К.Т. Реконструкция позвоночного сегмента при спондилолистезе поясничного отдела позвоночника. Журнал хирургия позвоночника.2004;4:18–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agansov A.G., Meschi K.T. Reconstruction spinal segment for spondilolistes lumbar. Journal Spinal surgery. 2004;4:18–22. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ветрилэ С.Т., Швец В.В., Крупаткин А.И. Показания и особенности выбора тактики хирургического лечения поясничного остеохондроза с использованием транспедикулярных фиксаторов. Журнал хирургия позвоночника. 2004;4:40-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vetrile S.T., Shvets V.V., Krupatkin A.I. Indications and features of the choice of tactics for surgical treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis using transpedicular ﬁxators. Journal spine Surgery.2004;4:40–46 (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миронов С.П., Ветрилэ М.С., Ветрилэ К.А. Оперативное лечение спондилолистеза позвонка L5 с применением транспедикулярных фиксаторов. Журнал хирургия позвоночника.2004;1:39-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mironov S.P., Vetrile M.S., Vetrile K.A. Surgical treatment of spondylolisthesis of the L5 vertebra using transpedicular ﬁxators. Journal spine surgery. 2004;1:39-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Литвинюк А.С. Особенности неврологической симптоматики и лучевой диагностики у больных с послеоперационными мышечно-оболочечнорадикулярными рубцами. Материалы IV съезда нейрохирургов Украины. 2008;169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litvinyuk A.S. Features of neurological symptoms and radiation diagnostics in patients with postoperative muscular-membranous-radicular scars. Proceedings of the IV Congress of Neurosurgeons of Ukraine. 2008;169.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мороз Е.Н. Ограничение жизнедеятельности больных с неврологическими осложнениями остеохондроза пояснично-крестцового отдела позвоночника, как интегральный показатель снижения качества жизни. Журнал психиатрии и медицинской психологии. 2004;2(12):14-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moroz E.N. Limitation of life activity of patients with neurological complications of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine, as an integral indicator of decreased quality of life. Journal of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology.2004;2 (12):14-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щедренок, В.В., Яковенко В.Н., Аникеев Н.В., Себелев К.И., и др. Малоинвазивная хирургия дегенеративных заболеваний позвоночника. СПб.:Изд-во ФГУ «РНХИ им. проф. А.Л. Поленова» Минздравсоцразвития России. 2011:435.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchedrenok, V.V., Yakovenko V.N., Anikeev N.V., Sebelev K.I., et al. Minimally invasive surgery for degenerative diseases of the spine. St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the Federal State Institution “RNHI im. prof. A.L. Polenova” Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia. 2011;435.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Панаськов А.В., Щедренок В.В. Транспедикулярная фиксация и задний спондилодез при лечении поясничного остеохондроза с нестабильностью позвоночник. Материалы Всероссийской научно практической конференции: Поленовские чтения. СПб. 2006;107-108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panaskov A.V., Shchedrenok V.V. Transpedicular ﬁxation and posterior spondylodesis in the treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis with spinal instability. Proceedings of the All-Russian scientiﬁc and practical conference: Polenov readings. - St. Petersburg, 2006;107-108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H.P. Richter, E. Kast, R. Tomczak et al. Results of applying ADCON-L gel after lumbar discectomy: the German ADCON-L study. J. Neurosurg. 2001; 2:179- 189.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">H.P. Richter, E. Kast, R. Tomczak et al. Results of applying ADCON-L gel after lumbar discect-omy: the German ADCON-L study. J. Neurosurg. 2001; 2:179- 189.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">H.L. Asch, P.J. Lewis, D.B. Moreland et al. Prospective multiple outcomes of outpatient lumbar microdiscectomy: should 75 to 80% success rates be the norm? J. Spine. 2002;96:34 -44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">H.L. Asch, P.J. Lewis, D.B. Moreland et al. Prospective multiple outcomes of outpatient lumbar mi-crodiscectomy: should 75 to 80% success rates be the norm? J. Spine. 2002;96:34 -44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Owens M.J., Nemeroﬀ C.B. Role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of depression: focus on the serotonin transporter. Clin. Chem. 1994;40(2):228-295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Owens M.J., Nemeroﬀ C.B. Role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of depression: focus on the serotonin transporter. Clin. Chem. 1994;40(2):228-295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A.C. Speciale, R. Pietrobon, C.W. Urban et al. Observer variability in assessing lumbar spinal stenosis severity on magnetic resonance imaging and its relation to cross-sectional spinal canal area. Spine, 2002;27:1082-1086.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A.C. Speciale, R. Pietrobon, C.W. Urban et al. Observer variability in assessing lumbar spinal stenosis severity on magnetic resonance imaging and its relation to cross-sectional spinal canal area. Spine, 2002;27:1082-1086.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mummaneni P.V., Haid R.W., Rodts G.E. Lumbar interbody fusion: state-of-the-art technical advances. Invited submission from the Joint Section Meeting on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves. J. Neurosurg. Spine. 2004;l(l):24-35</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mummaneni P.V., Haid R.W., Rodts G.E. Lumbar interbody fusion: state-of-the-art technical advances. Invited submission from the Joint Section Meeting on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves. J. Neurosurg. Spine. 2004;l(l):24-35</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Long D. Surgical treatment for back and neck pain /McMahon: Wall and Melzack’s Textbook of Pain, 5th ed. Churchill Livingstone, An Imprint of Elsevier, 2006:23-34</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Long D. Surgical treatment for back and neck pain /McMahon: Wall and Melzack’s Textbook of Pain, 5th ed. Churchill Livingstone, An Imprint of Elsevier, 2006:23-34</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Katz J.N. Lumbar disc disorders and low-back pain: socioeconomic factors and consequences. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., 2006;88:21-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Katz J.N. Lumbar disc disorders and low-back pain: socioeconomic factors and consequences. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am., 2006;88:21-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Harwood M.I., Smith B.J. Low Back Pain: A Primary Care Approach // Clinics in Family Practice; 2005;2:279-303.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Harwood M.I., Smith B.J. Low Back Pain: A Primary Care Approach // Clinics in Family Practice; 2005;2:279-303.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gepstein R., Folman Y., Sagiv P. Does the anteroposterior diameter of the bony spinal canal reﬂect its size? An anatomical study/ R. Surg Radiol Anat. 1991:13(4);289-291.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gepstein R., Folman Y., Sagiv P. Does the anteroposterior diameter of the bony spinal canal reﬂect its size? An anatomical study/ R. Surg Radiol Anat. 1991:13(4);289-291.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J.R. de Jong, J.W.Vlaeyen, P. Onghena et al. Fear of movement (re)injury in chronic low back pain: education or exposure in vivo as mediator to fear reduction. Clin J Pain.2005;21(1)9-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J.R. de Jong, J.W.Vlaeyen, P. Onghena et al. Fear of movement (re)injury in chronic low back pain: education or exposure in vivo as mediator to fear reduction. Clin J Pain.2005;21(1)9-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">L.Manchikanti, V. Pampati, C. Beyer Evaluation of the Psychological Status in Chronic Low Back Pain: Comparison with General Population. Pain Physician. 2002;5(2):149-155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">L.Manchikanti, V. Pampati, C. Beyer Evaluation of the Psychological Status in Chronic Low Back Pain: Comparison with General Population. Pain Physician. 2002;5(2):149-155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">K.Hansraj, P. O’Leary, F. Cammissa et al Decompression, fusion, and instrumentation surgery for complex lumbar spinal stenosis. Clin Orthop Rel Res. 2001;384:18-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">K.Hansraj, P. O’Leary, F. Cammissa et al Decompression, fusion, and instrumentation surgery for complex lumbar spinal stenosis. Clin Orthop Rel Res. 2001;384:18-25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Butt S. Saifuddin A. The imaging of lumbar spondylolisthesis. Clin. Radiology. 2005;60:533-546.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Butt S. Saifuddin A. The imaging of lumbar spondylolisthesis. Clin. Radiology. 2005;60:533-546.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Benoist M. The natural history of lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis. Joint Bone Spine. 2002;69:450 - 457.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Benoist M. The natural history of lumbar degenerative spinal stenosis. Joint Bone Spine. 2002;69:450 - 457.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Babar S., Saifuddin A. MRI of the post-discectomy lumbar spine. Clin. Radiology. 2002;57:969-981.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babar S., Saifuddin A. MRI of the post-discectomy lumbar spine. Clin. Radiology. 2002;57:969-981.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J.F.Zucherman, K.Y. hsu, C.A. Hartjen et al. A prospective randomized multi-center study for the treatmenr of lumbar spinal stenosis with the X STOP interspinous implant: 1-year results. Eur.Spine J. 2004:12;22-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J.F.Zucherman, K.Y. hsu, C.A. Hartjen et al. A prospective randomized multi-center study for the treatmenr of lumbar spinal stenosis with the X STOP interspinous implant: 1-year results. Eur.Spine J. 2004:12;22-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">J.S. Thalgott, T.J. Albert, A.R. Vaccaro et al. A new classiﬁcation system for degenerative disc disease of the lumbar spine based on magnetic resonance imaging, provocative discography, plain radiographs and anatomic considerations. Spine.2004;4:167-172.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">J.S. Thalgott, T.J. Albert, A.R. Vaccaro et al. A new classiﬁcation system for degenerative disc disease of the lumbar spine based on magnetic resonance imaging, provocative discography, plain radiographs and anatomic considerations. Spine.2004;4:167-172.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Woo Kyung Kim. Our experiences of interspinous U device in degenerative lumbar disease. Global Symposium on Motion Preservation Technology. N.Y., 2005;22-28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Woo Kyung Kim. Our experiences of interspinous U device in degenerative lumbar disease. Global Symposium on Motion Preservation Technology. N.Y., 2005;22-28.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wybier M. Imaging of lumbar degenerative changes involving structures other than disk space. Radiology Clin. North. Am.2001;39:101-114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wybier M. Imaging of lumbar degenerative changes involving structures other than disk space. Radiology Clin. North. Am.2001;39:101-114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zelle B.A. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction: evaluation and management. Clin. J. Pain 2005; 21:446-455.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zelle B.A. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction: evaluation and management. Clin. J. Pain 2005; 21:446-455.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verbiest H. Stenosis of the lumbar vertebral canal and sciatica. Neurosurg Rev. 1980;3:75 - 89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verbiest H. Stenosis of the lumbar vertebral canal and sciatica. Neurosurg Rev. 1980;3:75 - 89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waddell G. Illness behavior. The back pain revolution. -Edinburgh Elsevier, 2004:221-239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waddell G. Illness behavior. The back pain revolution. -Edinburgh Elsevier, 2004:221-239.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilmink J.T. Degenerative disk disease. Europ. Radiology. 2009;17-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wilmink J.T. Degenerative disk disease. Europ. Radiology. 2009;17-19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
