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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2026-369-2-72-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-741</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Актуальные проблемы современных клинико-эпидемиологических вызовов, связанных с ботулизмом в городе Турсунзаде Республики Таджикистан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current issues of clinical and epidemiological challenges associated with botulinum in the city of Tursunzade, Republic of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5233-1009</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахмонов</surname><given-names>Дж. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmonov</surname><given-names>J. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рахмонов Джамшед Эркинович, заведующий кафедры инфекционных болезней, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент</p><p>тел.: +992919643312</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rakhmonov Jamshed Erkinovich, Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor</p><p>tel.: +992919643312</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jamshed8342@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1762-9476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулямова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyamova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гулямова Назира Минходжевна, доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней, кандидат медицинских наук</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulyamova Nazira Minhojevna, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Infectious Diseases</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadya37@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8469-1405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боймуродов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boymurodov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боймуродов Абугаффор Авлиякулович, кандидат медицинских наук, ассистент кафедры инфекционных болезней</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boimurodov Abdugaffor Avliyakulovich, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Infectious Diseases</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abdugaffor.boymurodov@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1282-8870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашуров</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashurov</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ашуров Махмуд Пардаевич, врач-инфекционист, заведующий инфекционным отделением</p><p>Турсунзаде </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ashurov Mahmud Pardaevich</p><p>Tursunzade  </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ashurov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2286-941X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аслонов</surname><given-names>У. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aslonov</surname><given-names>U. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аслонов Усмон Аслонович, врач-инфекционист</p><p>Турсунзаде </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аslonov Usmon Aslonjvich</p><p>Tursunzade </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aslonov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра инфекционных болезней, ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет имени Абуали ибни Сино»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Department of Infectious Diseases</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Центральной районная больница г. Турсунзаде</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI Central District Hospital of Tursunzade (Infectious Diseases Department)</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рахмонов Д.Э., Гулямова Н.М., Боймуродов А.А., Ашуров М.П., Аслонов У.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рахмонов Д.Э., Гулямова Н.М., Боймуродов А.А., Ашуров М.П., Аслонов У.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rakhmonov J.E., Gulyamova N.M., Boymurodov A.A., Ashurov M.P., Aslonov U.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/741">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/741</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучение и анализ клинико-эпидемиологических особенностей случаев пищевого ботулизма в городе Турсунзаде Республики Таджикистан за период 2020-2023 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: проведен ретроспективный анализ историй болезни пациентов, находящихся на стационарном лечении в инфекционном отделении Центральной больницы г. Турсунзаде с диагнозом «Ботулизм» в период с 2020 по 2023 гг. Диагноз ботулизма во всех случаях был установлен на основании клинико-эпидемиологических данных и подтверждён лабораторными методами исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: всего под наблюдением находились 14 больных, из которых трое были госпитализированы в 2020 г., семеро - в 2021 г., трое - в 2022 г. и один пациент - в 2023 г. По половому признаку подавляющее большинство больных составили женщины - 12 (85,7%) человек, мужчин было 2 (14,2%). Среди пациентов сельские жители составили 9 (64,2%), городские - 5 (35,7%). Во всех случаях заражение происходило при употреблении домашних консервированных продуктов. Ботулизм характеризуется полиморфизмом клинических проявлений включая гастроэнтерологическую и неврологическую симптоматику, что требует повышенной настороженности со стороны врачей узких специальностей, таких как офтальмологи, гастроэнтерологи, невропатологи. Своевременная постановка диагноза и экстренное начало специфической терапии являются залогом полного выздоровления больного.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: ботулизм характеризуется полиморфизмом клинической симптоматики, что требует повышенной настороженности со стороны офтальмологов, неврологов и терапевтов. Повысить уровень ранней диагностики данного заболевания возможно путём акцентирования внимания на проблеме пищевого ботулизма при обучении врачей различных специальностей в рамках курсов повышения квалификации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To study and analyze clinical and epidemiological features of foodborne botulism cases in the city of Tursunzade, Republic of Tajikistan, between 2020 and 2023.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and Methods</title><p>Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records of patients diagnosed with botulism and admitted to the Infectious Diseases Department of Tursunzade Central Hospital was conducted. The diagnosis of botulism in all cases was based on clinical and epidemiological data and confirmed by laboratory testing.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: A total of 14 patients were observed. Of these, 3 were hospitalized in 2020, 7 in 2021, 3 in 2022, and 1 in 2023. Most patients were women: 12 (85.7%), while 2 (14.3%) were men. No cases were recorded among children. Among the patients, 9 (64.3%) were rural residents and 5 (35.7%) were urban residents. In all cases, infection occurred through the consumption of home-canned foods.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Botulism is characterized by a polymorphic clinical manifestation, which requires increased vigilance on the part of ophthalmologists, neurologists, and internists. This can be achieved by incorporating foodborne botulism as a dedicated topic into mandatory continuing medical education courses for physicians of various specialties.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ботулизм</kwd><kwd>распространённость</kwd><kwd>эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>клиника</kwd><kwd>ботулотоксин</kwd><kwd>Clostridium botulinum</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>botulism</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>clinical manifestation</kwd><kwd>botulinum toxin</kwd><kwd>Clostridium botulinum</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреева А.А., Кутишева И.А., Мартынова Г.П., Власова Н.А., Картель Т.С., Алексеенко А.Н., Кончаков М.П. Случай ботулизма у ребёнка грудного возраста. 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