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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">thealth</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Таджикистана</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Health care of Tajikistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0514-2415</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52888/0514-2515-2026-370-3-80-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">thealth-770</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Прогностические факторы риска развития нагноения остаточной полости печени после эхинококкэктомии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prognostic risk factors for suppuration of the residual liver cavity after echinococcectomy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8381-0364</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рузибойзода</surname><given-names>К. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ruziboyzoda</surname><given-names>K. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рузибойзода Кахрамон Рузибой – доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры хирургических болезней №1 им. акад. Курбанова К.М.</p><p>Душанбе</p><p>тел.: +992930807777</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruziboyzoda Kahramon Ruziboy – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1 named after Academician K.M. Kurbanov</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.hero85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6406-6260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тошматов</surname><given-names>П. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toshmatov</surname><given-names>P. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тошматов Парвиз Рустамович - соискатель кафедры хирургических болезней №1 им. акад. Курбанова К.М.</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Toshmatov Parviz Rustamovich - applicant at the Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1 named after Academician K.M. Kurbanov</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">toshmatov_0300@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2456-7509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Али-Заде</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ali-Zade</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Али-Заде Сухроб Гаффарович - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры хирургических болезней №1 им. акад. Курбанова К.М.</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ali-Zade Sukhrob Gaffarovich - MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Diseases No. 1 named after Academician K.M. Kurbanov</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">suhrob_a@nail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8908-5701</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амирзода</surname><given-names>Ш. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirzoda</surname><given-names>Sh. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Амирзода Шарофиддин Рустам - кандидат медицинских наук, врач-хирург</p><p>Душанбе</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Amirzoda Sharofiddin Rustam - candidate of medical sciences, surgeon</p><p>Dushanbe</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sharofiddin.amirov.86@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тошматов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toshmatov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тошматов Рустам Аскарович – заведующий хирургического отделения</p><p>Худжанд</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Toshmatov Rustam Askarovich – Head of the Surgical Department</p><p>Khujand</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">toshmatovra@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7350-9025</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаров</surname><given-names>Х. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarov</surname><given-names>Kh. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Назаров Хусрав Файзалиевич – директор</p><p>Бохтар</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nazarov Khusrav Faizalievich - Director</p><p>Bokhtar</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khusrav.9595@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГОУ «Таджикский государственный медицинский университет имени Абуали ибни Сино»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical University</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Городской медицинский центр №2 имени академика К.Т. Таджиева»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI “City Medical Center No2 named after аcademician K.T. Tadjiev»</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ «Областная клиническая больница имени С. Кутфиддинова»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>SI “Regional Clinical Hospital named after S. Kutfiddinov”</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Медицинский центр Хатлон»</institution><country>Таджикистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khatlon Medical Center LLC</institution><country>Tajikistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рузибойзода К.Р., Тошматов П.Р., Али-Заде С.Г., Амирзода Ш.Р., Тошматов Р.А., Назаров Х.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рузибойзода К.Р., Тошматов П.Р., Али-Заде С.Г., Амирзода Ш.Р., Тошматов Р.А., Назаров Х.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ruziboyzoda K.R., Toshmatov P.R., Ali-Zade S.G., Amirzoda S.R., Toshmatov R.A., Nazarov K.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/770">https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/770</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определить наиболее значимые факторы риска развития нагноения остаточной полости печени после эхинококкэктомии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: проведён ретроспективный когортный анализ результатов лечения 122 пациентов, оперированных по поводу эхинококкоза печени в 2020–2026 гг. Основную группу составили 58 пациентов с нагноением остаточной полости (ОП), контрольную - 64 пациента без данного осложнения. Анализировали вид оперативного вмешательства, размеры кист, наличие цистобилиарных свищей, качество обработки ОП и параметры дренирования. Статистический анализ выполнен в IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 с применением критерия χ² Пирсона, точного критерия Фишера и расчётом отношения шансов (ОШ) с 95% доверительным интервалом (ДИ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: нагноение ОП чаще всего развивалось после традиционной открытой эхинококкэктомии (72,4%). Наиболее значимыми факторами риска оказались большие и гигантские эхинококковые кисты диаметром более 10 см (ОШ=37,96; 95% ДИ 4,86–296,48; p&lt;0,001), неполноценная обработка ОП антипаразитарными растворами (ОШ=6,18; 95% ДИ 2,78–13,75; p&lt;0,001), неадекватное дренирование (ОШ=5,90; 95% ДИ 2,46–14,16; p&lt;0,001) и раннее удаление дренажной трубки (ОШ=5,84; 95% ДИ 2,57–13,28; p&lt;0,001). В 79,3% случаев нагноение ОП потребовало повторного вмешательства.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: ведущими модифицируемыми факторами риска нагноения ОП являются технические погрешности хирургической техники - неполноценная санация и неадекватное дренирование. Большие и гигантские кисты существенно увеличивают риск гнойных осложнений и требуют особого внимания при планировании хирургической тактики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to identify the most significant risk factors for suppuration of the residual liver cavity after echinococcectomy.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: a retrospective cohort analysis included 122 patients who underwent surgery for hepatic echinococcosis between 2020 and 2026. The study group comprised 58 patients with residual cavity (RC) suppuration; the control group comprised 64 patients without this complication. The following parameters were analysed: type of surgical intervention, cyst dimensions, presence of cystobiliary fistulas, quality of RC treatment, and drainage parameters. IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 was used for statistical analysis that employed the following methods: Pearson’s chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: RC suppuration most frequently occurred after open echinococcectomy (72.4%). The most significant risk factors were large and giant echinococcal cysts (&gt;10 cm) (OR=37.96; 95% CI 4.86–296.48; p &lt;0.001), inadequate RC treatment with scolicidal solutions (OR=6.18; 95% CI 2.78–13.75; p &lt;0.001), inadequate drainage (OR=5.90; 95%CI 2.46–14.16; p &lt;0.001), and early drainage tube removal (OR=5.84; 95% CI 2.57–13.28; p &lt;0.001). In 79.3% of cases, RC suppuration required repeat intervention.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: the study showed that the leading modifiable risk factors for RC suppuration are deficiencies in surgical technique: inadequate cavity management (sanitization) and drainage. Large and giant cysts substantially increase the risk of purulent complications and require particular attention during surgical planning.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эхинококкоз печени</kwd><kwd>эхинококкэктомия</kwd><kwd>остаточная полость</kwd><kwd>нагноение</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatic echinococcosis</kwd><kwd>echinococcectomy</kwd><kwd>residual cavity</kwd><kwd>suppuration</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Echinococcosis [Электронный ресурс]. WHO Fact Sheet. Geneva: WHO; 2023. URL: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/echinococcosis (дата обращения: 10.04.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. 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