thealthЗдравоохранение ТаджикистанаHealth care of Tajikistan0514-2415Редакция журнала «Здравоохранение Таджикистана»10.52888/0514-2515-2026-370-3-160-170thealth-779Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEW ARTICLESЭффективность бариатрических вмешательств у больных с ожирением и сахарным диабетом 2 типаEffectiveness of bariatric interventions in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitushttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5151-937XГуловМ. К.GulovM. K.

Гулов Махмадшох Курбоналиевич - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии им. профессора Каримова М.К.

Душанбе

Gulov Makhmadshhoh Kurbonalievich - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy named after Prof. M.K. Karimov

Dushanbe

gulovm@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9034-1022КобилзодаК. У.KobilzodaK. K.

Кобилзода Кобилджон Кенджа - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии им. профессора Каримова М.К.

Душанбе

тел.: +992934408887

Kobilzoda Kobiljon Kenja - Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy named after Prof. M.K. Karimov

Dushanbe

kobil76@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6396-2600СалимовД. С.SalimovD. S.

Салимов Джамшед Сайдахмадович - кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры общей хирургии №1 им. профессора Кахарова А.Н.

Душанбе

Salimov Dzhamshed Saidakhmadovich, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of General Surgery №1 named after Prof. A.N. Kakhkhorov

Author ID: 1073489

Dushanbe

salimov_jamshed1973@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-9484-6284СохибовШ. М.SohibovSh. M.

Сохибов Шахбоз Миршаробович - PhD докторант кафедры инновационной хирургии и трансплантологии

Душанбе

Sokhibov Shahboz Mirsharobovich - PhD Student, Department of Innovative Surgery and Transplantology

Dushanbe

shahboz.sohibov.1994@mail.ruКафедра оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии им. профессора М.К. Каримова, ГОУ «ТГМУ им. Абуали ибни Сино»ТаджикистанDepartment of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy named after Professor M.K. Karimov of the SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical UniversityTajikistanКафедра общей хирургии им. профессора А.Н. Кахарова, ГОУ «ТГМУ им. Абуали ибни Сино»ТаджикистанDepartment of General Surgery named after Professor A.N. Kakharov of the SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical UniversityTajikistanКафедра инновационной хирургии и трансплантологии, ГОУ «ТГМУ им. Абуали ибни Сино»ТаджикистанDepartment of Department of Innovative Surgery and Transplantology of the SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical UniversityTajikistan20260810202603160170Copyright © Гулов М.К., Кобилзода К.У., Салимов Д.С., Сохибов Ш.М., 20262026Гулов М.К., Кобилзода К.У., Салимов Д.С., Сохибов Ш.М.Gulov M.K., Kobilzoda K.K., Salimov D.S., Sohibov S.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.zdrav.tj/jour/article/view/779

Ожирение и сахарный диабет 2 типа (СД2) являются наиболее значимыми компонентами метаболического синдрома, оказывающими критическое влияние на заболеваемость, инвалидизацию и смертность населения. Бариатрические вмешательства в последние годы рассматриваются не только как методы снижения массы тела, но и как эффективные способы достижения ремиссии СД2. Различные хирургические методы, такие как рукавная резекция желудка, желудочное шунтирование и билиопанкреатическое шунтирование, демонстрируют высокие показатели снижения гликированного гемоглобина, уменьшения потребности в сахароснижающих препаратах и достижения стойкой ремиссии диабета. В статье обобщены данные клинических исследований, рандомизированных контролируемых испытаний и систематических обзоров, опубликованных в ведущих международных базах данных за последние годы, позволяющие оценить эффективность и безопасность бариатрической хирургии у пациентов с ожирением и СД2. Особое внимание уделено факторам, влияющим на прогноз лечения, а также современным представлениям о механизмах метаболического эффекта хирургических вмешательств.

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are among the most significant components of metabolic syndrome, exerting a critical impact on the morbidity, disability and mortality of the population. In recent years, bariatric interventions have come to be regarded not only as methods of weight loss, but also as effective means of achieving remission of T2DM. Various surgical techniques, such as sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass, and biliopancreatic diversion, have demonstrated high rates of glycated hemoglobin reduction, decreased need for hypoglycemic drugs, and stable diabetes remission. This article summarizes data from clinical studies, randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews published in leading international databases in recent years, allowing for an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and T2DM. Particular attention is paid to the factors influencing the treatment prognosis, as well as to current concepts regarding the mechanisms underlying the metabolic effects of surgical interventions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.