Evaluation of peripheral blood markers for early diagnosis of non-developing pregnancy due to coagulation system disorders

Abstract

Aim. To study peripheral blood markers for early diagnosis of non-developing pregnancy.

Material and methods. An analysis of the coagulation system was carried out in 120 women who had experienced a spontaneous abortion. The main group consisted of 80 women with a history of one or more non-developing pregnancies, while the comparison group consisted of 40 women who experienced a spontaneous abortion according to gestational age. Evaluation of the primary mechanism of disruption of the vascular-platelet component of hemostasis - resulting in an increased platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio - was performed using analyses of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of blood coagulation.

Results and discussion. The average platelet and hemoglobin levels of women with early pregnancy loss in the main group were within physiological limits. Although the mean leukocyte count was also within the physiological range, it was statistically significantly higher in the main group.

Conclusions. It has been established that the determination of platelet-lymphocyte ratio should be used as a marker of thrombophilia and immune response in non-developing pregnancy, serving as an accessible and cost-effective screening method for diagnosis and prognosis. In addition, it was found that early abortion is characterized by an almost twofold increase in the platelet-lymphocyte ratio, a change that is less pronounced in later stages of pregnancy. These indicators can be used as screening methods for predicting the inflammatory process and disturbances in the blood coagulation system.