Results of using surgical guide in patients with complete edentulism of the maxilla and mandible

Objective: to conduct a comparative analysis of the outcomes of using implant surgical guides in patient with complete edentulism of the maxilla and mandible.

Material and methods: two groups of patients with complete edentulism of both jaws were formed from individuals aged 50-70 years without somatic comorbidities. A total of 26 patients were reported as having been examined. The study group included 18 patients with a mean age of 63.4 ± 2.6 years. Women accounted for 44.4% (8 patients) and men for 55.6% (10 patients). The control group comprised 17 patients with a mean age of 62.9 ± 3.8 years. In this group, men accounted for 64.7% (11 patients) and women for 35.3% (6 patients). In the study group, the surgical stage was performed using guide-assisted navigation based on surgical guides. A key feature of the protocol was implant placement without mucoperiosteal flap elevation, which minimized soft-tissue trauma. In the control group, conventional dental implantation was performed with mucoperiosteal flap elevation, implant placement, and wound closure with sutures.

Results: analysis of the results showed that, in the study group, serous and bloody exudation in the surgical area had completely ceased by the first postoperative day after dental implant placement. In addition, some patients in this group had no clinical signs such as pain (5 patients, 27.8%), swelling (7 patients, 38.9%), or hyperemia of the periimplant mucosa (7 patients, 38.9%). In contrast, in the control group, pathological changes, including pain, swelling, and redness along the suture line, persisted in 15 patients (88.2%) up to the third postoperative day, indicating a longer recovery period with the conventional implantation technique.

Conclusions: surgical access without mucoperiosteal flap elevation is less traumatic than traditional surgical approaches. According to the Hounsfield unit assessment, this minimally invasive method was superior to standard techniques in terms of effectiveness.

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