Surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas
https://doi.org/10.52888/0514-2515-2026-368-1-135-145
Abstract
The diagnosis of “pituitary adenoma” within the WHO Classification of Endocrine System Tumors is established based on a combination of clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings (primarily MRI), and histopathological examination with immunohistochemistry. Since 2004, pituitary tumors have been officially classified as endocrine neoplasms, with a distinction introduced between adenomas and carcinomas. The latter designation applies to cases in which the primary pituitary neoplasm is accompanied by distant metastases in cranial, spinal, or other sites. Previously, adenomas were subdivided into typical and atypical forms: an atypical adenoma was diagnosed in the presence of invasive growth, marked cellular atypia, and a Ki-67 proliferation index exceeding 3%, in the absence of metastasis. However, since the 2017 revision, the international classification of pituitary tumors no longer includes the concept of atypical adenoma, thereby simplifying the terminology and shifting the focus toward morphological and clinico-radiological characteristics for diagnostic purposes.
About the Authors
U. Kh. Rakhmonov
Department of Neurosurgery and Combined Trauma, SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Rakhmonov Umed Khurshedovich – applicant of the Department of Neurosurgery and Combined Trauma
Dushanbe
tel.: +992500000024
R. N. Berdiev
Department of Neurosurgery and Combined Trauma, SEI Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Tajikistan
Tajikistan
Berdiev Rustam Namozovich – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Neurosurgery and Combined Trauma
Dushanbe
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Review
For citations:
Rakhmonov U.Kh., Berdiev R.N. Surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas. Health care of Tajikistan. 2026;(1):135-145. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52888/0514-2515-2026-368-1-135-145
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