Современные подходы к диагностике туберкулёзного менингита

В статье проведен обзор публикаций последних лет о туберкулезном менингите. Описаны патоморфология изменений, клинические отличия от других видов менингитов, диагностические особенности исследования спиномозговой жидкости, нейрорадиологические нарушения выявляемые проведением МРТ сканирования.

Заключение. Туберкулезный менингит чаще встречается в странах с высоким бременем туберкулеза, чаще у детей, не вакцинированных вакциной БЦЖ, лиц, инфицированных ВИЧ и при диссеминации M. tuberculosis у нелеченных больных с туберкулезом легких. Продолжительность проявления симптомов может варьировать от 1 дня до 9 месяцев, а продромальный период обычно неспецифичен. Диагностика туберкулезного менингита сложна и часто запаздывает, в связи с чем при подозрении на туберкулезный менингит необходимо использовать весь доступный комплекс диагностических мер, включая клинико-рентгенологические методы, МРТ и исследование спиномозговой жидкости.

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