Possibilities of cryosurgery in the treatment of the abdominal cavity diseases

Aim. To study the immediate results of the use of cryosurgical instruments and ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen in diseases of abdominal organs.

Materials and research methods. The article presents the results of surgical treatment using ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen (196oC) for 308 patients with diseases of the abdominal organs in the Department of Liver and Pancreas Surgery of the Institute of Gastroenterology of the Republic of Tajikistan from 2016 to 2022.

The results and discussion. The authors proposed an algorithm for the use of the ultra-low temperature of liquid nitrogen in the treatment of diseases of the abdominal organs after the development of the latest cryogenic equipment. It turned out that the resulting cryodestruction leads to the death of parasitic elements of alveococcosis, echinococcosis, and liver tuberculosis, as well as to cytolysis of atypical calls in hepatocellular carcinoma. The most important advantage of liver cryosurgery, especially in concomitant chronic viral hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, is a reliable parenchymal haemo-and cholestasis, a decrease in intraoperative blood loss, an increase in the radicality of an operation, and reliable prevention of intraoperative dissemination of malignant and parasitic diseases

Conclusion. The accumulated experience of surgeries for various diseases of the abdominal organs using ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen allows concluding that cryosurgery of the abdominal organs has an undoubted prospect. The positive characteristic of using cryotechnology in the treatment of severe diseases of abdominal organs suggests that it is advisable to introduce the method into clinical practice on a wide scale.

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